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武道辞典

Budō Jiten − Martial Arts Dictionary

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居合道

いあいどう

iaidō (alt. iaido, iaidou)

Glossary Category: Budō/General Terms

Lit. The way of mental presence and immediate reaction. Iaidō is a Japanese martial art of drawing the Katana (Japanese sword), as well as developing an accurate cutting technique, removing the blood from the blade, and returning the sword inside the scabbard. Iaidō practitioners are referred as Iaidoka. Depending on the school, Beginner students start learning either with a bokken (wooden sword) or with a Iaitō (blunt edged sword). Experienced practitioners use a sharp edged sword known as Nihonto or shinken.

Ther two most popular modern Iaidō styles are:
− Seitei Iaidō, is the style based on the kata standards created by the Zen Nippon Kendō Renmei (All Japan Kendō Federation) in 1968. It consists of twelve Kata or forms used as the standard for Iaidō exams and shiai under the Kendō Federation. Seitei Iaidō is the most widely recognised Iaidō style in Japan and around the world, because of being of its standardized forms.
− Tōhō Iaidō, is the style based on the stards created by the Zen Nihon Iaidō Renmei (All Japan Iaido Federation) in 1948. It is based on five kata selected from the five different schools of Koryū Iaidō (ancient Iaidō).

Two of the most popular Koryū Iaidō (ancient Iaidō) styles are:
− Musō Jikiden Eishin Ryū , also referred as Eishin Ryū
− Musō Shinden Ryū
In the 18th century, these two styles splited from one older style that had a lineage dating back to the 16th century. Nowadays, there is a large number of Koryū styles. However, they tend to be divided into many lineages of each style, because there was no clear successors.
See Jō

いかがですか

ikaga desu ka

Glossary Category: Nihongo/Basics

Lit. How are you? This is the formal way of asking "how are you doing?".

息

いき

iki

Glossary Category: Okinawa Karate Dō/Anatomy

Lit. Breath.

一挙動

いっきよどう

Ikkyodō (alt. ikyodo, ikkyodo, ikkyodou)

Glossary Category: Okinawa Karate Dō/Kata , Shinjinbukan/System

Lit. Motion generated by one effort, action or impulse. The method of connecting all static positions of a Kata by moving from one to another with one impulse and one breath. In the Shinjinbukan School the study of Kata starts with the Junjo by learning the patterns and static positions of the Kata. And it is further developed through Ikkyodō by learning to move from one static position to the next. Ikkyodō could also be considered a method of phrasing all the moves in a Kata starting with small patterns and progressivey developing longer and more fluid patterns.
See chinkuchi , junjo

一級

いっきゅう

I Kkyū (alt. ikyuu, ikyū, ikyu, i-kyū)

Glossary Category: Budō/Ranks & Titles

Lit. First level or rank. The first rank level below black belt.
See Mudansha

陰

いん

Glossary Category: Shinjinbukan/System

Lit. Inside, shade, yin, negative, sex organs, secret, shadow. The term In is defined as the inner space around the body that is not exposed to sunlight, or covered by a shadow. In, also known as ura, is defined as the reverse side, the undersurface, or the lining of the fabric of the human body.

One of the concepts of Okinawa Ti is to divide the human body in two categories: In and Yō, which are opposite to each other in the same way as Yin and Yang, or Negative and Positive. In Okinawa Ti these concepts do not have any mystical or magical connotations. On the contrary, the knowledge of In/Yō is essential in order to achieve a high level of technical proficiency and control in Kakie and Iri Kumi.
See Yō , shokusokugi , Iri Kumi , Kakie , kirikae

入込

イリクミ

Iri Kumi

Glossary Category: Shinjinbukan/Syllabus

Lit. Entering attack, inserting attack or inside fighting. Iri Kumi means to enter into the opponent’s inner space in order to attack the vital points.
See In , Yō , shokusokugi , Kakie , kirikae

糸洲安恒

イトスアンコウ

Itosu Ankō (alt. Itosu Ankoh, Itosu Anko, Ankoh Itosu, Anko Itosu)

Glossary Category: Okinawa Karate Dō/Masters

Itosu Ankō (1831 — 1915) was an important Okinawan martial arts teacher from the "Shuri Ti tradition". He is known for developing one of the first simplified Karate curriculums based on kata (forms), which was used to instruct at an elementary school level. His teachers were Nagahama Chikudun Pechin and Matsumura Sōkon. Itosu Ankō is widely credited for creating the Five Pinan Forms, also known as "Heian" in Japanese Karate. However, this information is based on oral tradition rather than any first-hand historical documentation.

In the late 19th century, the generic name given to the Okinawan Martial Arts was Tōdi or Tōde. Hence, in October 1908, Itosu Ankō published a newspaper article with the title of Tōde Jukun (Ten Precepts of Tōde), written as an open letter to the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of War in Japan. At the time, this newspaper article was used to promote karate as a method of physical education for the public school system.

Itosu Ankō produced a generation of students who later created their own styles of Karate. However, some of those teachers trained under more than one teacher as listed below.

— Chibana Chōshin, founder of Shōrin Ryū (Kobayashi lineage), studied under Itosu Ankō.

— Motobu Choki, founder of Motobu Ryū (a Shōrin Ryū lineage). He studied under Itosu Ankō, as well as under Matsumura Sōkon, Pechin Sakuma and Matsumora Kosaku.

— Funakoshi Gichin, founder of Shotokan, studied under both Itosu Ankō and Asato Ankō.

— Mabuni Kenwa, founder of Shitō Ryū, studied under both Itosu Ankō and Higaonna Kanryō.

— Shiroma Shinpan, also known as Shinpan Gusukuma, was the co-founder of Shitō Ryū

— Chotoku Kyan, incorporated several lineages of Shōrin Ryū. He studied under Matsumura Sōkon, as well as Itosu Ankō, Chatan Yara, Kokan Oyadomari, Maeda Pechin, Matsumora Kosaku and others.

— Yabu Kentsū, a well known Shōrin Ryū practitioner who studied under Matsumura Sōkon and Itosu Ankō.

— Hanashiro Chōmo, a well known Shōrin Ryū practitioner who studied under Matsumura Sōkon and Itosu Ankō.

See Tōde , Tōdi , The Early Karate Era (1879 ~ 1945)

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